🎯 Learning Goals (Day 3)
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
- Identify the different types of fishing vessels used in fisheries.
- Differentiate the purposes and functions of various fishing vessels.
- Explain the role of fishing vessels in supporting sustainable fisheries.
🧩 Key Ideas & Terms (Day 3: Fishing Vessels Used in Fisheries)
- Fishing Vessel – a boat or ship used to catch fish in seas, lakes, or rivers.
- Banca (Motorized or Non-motorized) – small outrigger canoes used in coastal and inland waters.
- Trawlers – large vessels that drag fishing nets (trawls) through the water or along the seafloor.
- Seiners – vessels designed for fishing with seine nets (purse seiners).
- Gillnetters – vessels equipped for setting and retrieving gillnets.
- Longliners – fishing vessels that use long fishing lines with many baited hooks.
- Factory Ships – large vessels with on-board processing facilities to freeze, can, or package fish.
- Research Vessels – ships used by scientists to study fish populations and marine ecosystems.
- Deck – the floor surface on a vessel where fishermen work.
- Hull – the body of a vessel that floats in water.
- Navigation – the process of directing and controlling a vessel’s movement.
- Outriggers – support structures attached to small boats for stability.
🔄 Prior Knowledge (Day 3: Fishing Vessels Used in Fisheries)
The teacher may ask students the following questions to activate prior knowledge:
- Have you ever seen fishermen in your community using boats to catch fish?
- What types of boats or vessels are commonly used in your area for fishing?
- Why do you think some fishermen use small boats while others use large ships?
Show Answer
1. Yes - many communities use small motorized or non-motorized bancas.
2. Examples: paddle-powered boats, motorized bancas, large trawlers for deep-sea fishing.
3. Smaller boats are used in rivers, lakes, or coastal areas, while larger ships are needed for deep-sea fishing and bigger catches.
📖 Explore the Lesson (Day 3: Fishing Vessels Used in Fisheries)
Fishing is not only about nets, hooks, and traps - it also requires vessels that bring fishermen to the water where fish live. These vessels range from small wooden canoes paddled by hand to massive factory ships that can stay at sea for months. The type of vessel used depends on the scale of fishing, the location (river, lake, or sea), and the purpose (food, research, or trade).
Let’s explore the different fishing vessels used in fisheries and why each one is important.
1. Banca (Motorized or Non-Motorized) 🚣♂️
The banca is one of the most common fishing vessels in the Philippines and other coastal areas. It is a small boat made of wood or fiberglass, sometimes motorized, and usually equipped with outriggers for balance.
- Non-motorized banca: paddled by hand, used in rivers, lakes, or shallow waters.
- Motorized banca: powered by an engine, used for longer trips and carrying more fish.
- Why it matters: Bancas are affordable, easy to repair, and very versatile for small-scale fishing.
Student example: Imagine a canoe with “arms” on each side to keep it from tipping. That’s a banca with outriggers!
2. Trawlers ⚓
Trawlers are large vessels designed to drag big nets (called trawls) through the water or along the seafloor.
- Types: Bottom trawlers (drag along the seafloor) and midwater trawlers (drag through open water).
- Where used: Open seas and deeper waters.
- Why it matters: They can catch huge amounts of fish, making them important for commercial fisheries.
⚠️ Environmental note: If not carefully managed, trawling can damage seafloor habitats and catch unwanted species (bycatch).
3. Seiners (Purse Seiners) 🎣
Seiners are vessels that use large nets called seine nets to encircle schools of fish. The bottom of the net is pulled tight like a purse, trapping the fish.
- Where used: Open waters where fish gather in schools (like sardines or tuna).
- Why it matters: Very effective for catching schooling fish in large quantities.
Student example: Picture a giant drawstring bag in the sea that closes at the bottom to keep fish inside.
4. Gillnetters 🧵
Gillnetters are vessels equipped with gillnets - nets that trap fish by their gills as they try to swim through.
- Where used: Coastal and offshore waters.
- Why it matters: Can be set as drifting nets or anchored in place. They catch specific fish sizes because of the net’s mesh size.
⚠️ Environmental reminder: Ghost nets (lost gillnets) can continue catching fish and harming marine life if not properly retrieved.
5. Longliners 🪝
Longliners are vessels that use a very long fishing line with many baited hooks attached.
- Where used: Deep-sea fishing for tuna, swordfish, and other large species.
- Why it matters: Can catch valuable fish but must be managed to avoid catching endangered species like sea turtles.
Student example: Imagine a clothesline stretched across the ocean, but instead of clothes, it has hundreds of hooks with bait!
6. Factory Ships 🏭🚢
Factory ships are very large vessels that not only catch fish but also process them onboard.
- Facilities: Freezers, canning equipment, and packaging machines.
- Why it matters: Fish can be processed immediately at sea, keeping them fresh and ready for export.
- Scale: These ships can stay out at sea for months without returning to port.
⚠️ Downside: If overused, they can lead to overfishing and depletion of fish stocks.
7. Research Vessels 🔬
Research vessels are ships used by scientists to study fish populations, water quality, and marine ecosystems.
- Equipment: Sonar, water testing devices, and labs.
- Why it matters: They provide information to guide sustainable fishing practices and protect marine life.
Student example: Think of a floating science lab traveling across the sea!
Parts of a Fishing Vessel ⚙️
Regardless of size, fishing vessels share important parts:
- Hull - the main body of the boat that floats on water.
- Deck - the flat surface where fishermen work.
- Cabin/Wheelhouse - where navigation and controls are located.
- Engine Room - houses the engine (for motorized vessels).
- Outriggers - extra supports used in bancas to keep balance.
Why Different Fishing Vessels? ⚖️
- Small boats (bancas) are best for shallow or nearshore fishing.
- Large vessels (trawlers, seiners, factory ships) are for deep-sea fishing and commercial operations.
- Research vessels are for science and sustainability.
Each vessel has its role in fisheries, and choosing the right one helps balance food supply, livelihood, and environmental protection.
Safety & Sustainability 🌍
Fishing vessels must follow safety and environmental rules:
- Safety: Life jackets, communication radios, and proper training.
- Environment: Avoid destructive fishing practices, manage fuel use, and prevent oil spills.
- Sustainability: Using the right vessel for the right environment prevents overfishing and habitat damage.
Connection to SDGs 🌐
Using fishing vessels responsibly supports UN Sustainable Development Goal 14: Life Below Water, which aims to conserve and sustainably use oceans, seas, and marine resources.
References
- FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). (2022). Types of Fishing Vessels.
- MSC (Marine Stewardship Council). (2022). Fishing vessels and sustainability.
- Wikipedia contributors. (2023). Fishing vessel.
- Oceana. (2021). Impact of industrial fishing vessels.
💡 Example in Action (Day 3: Fishing Vessels Used in Fisheries)
Worked Example 📝
Pedro’s father is a fisherman who wants to catch tuna in deep waters. Instead of using nets, he chooses a vessel equipped with very long fishing lines that have many baited hooks.
👉 Question: What type of fishing vessel is Pedro’s father using?
Show Answer
He is using a Longliner.
Now You Try – Mini Task 1 ⚓
A group of fishermen works together using a large vessel that drags a net along the seafloor to catch fish and shrimp. What kind of fishing vessel are they using?
Show Answer
Trawler
Now You Try – Mini Task 2 🚣♂️
Anna lives near a coastal village. She often sees small wooden boats with outriggers used for fishing near the shore. What kind of vessel is this?
Show Answer
Banca (Motorized or Non-Motorized)
📝 Try It Out (Day 3: Fishing Vessels Used in Fisheries)
1. Matching Type
Match the vessel to its description.
- a. Research Vessel
- b. Factory Ship
- c. Banca
- Used by scientists to study fish populations and marine ecosystems
- A small outrigger canoe, motorized or non-motorized, for nearshore fishing
- A large ship with on-board processing facilities for fish
Show Answer
a – 1
b – 3
c – 2
2. Short Answer
Why are bancas important for small-scale fishermen in coastal communities?
Show Answer
Because they are affordable, versatile, and suitable for fishing in shallow waters where large vessels cannot go.
3. Situation Analysis
A fishing company wants to catch sardines by surrounding schools of fish in open water. Which type of fishing vessel should they use, and why?
Show Answer
Seiner (Purse Seiner) - because it can encircle and trap schools of sardines effectively in open waters.
✅ Check Yourself (Day 3: Fishing Vessels Used in Fisheries)
1–4: Multiple Choice
- Which vessel is commonly used for small-scale fishing in rivers, lakes, and coastal areas?
a) Trawler
b) Banca
c) Longliner
d) Factory Ship - Which fishing vessel processes fish on board with freezers and canning equipment?
a) Seiner
b) Trawler
c) Factory Ship
d) Research Vessel - Which vessel uses a very long fishing line with many baited hooks to catch tuna and swordfish?
a) Gillnetter
b) Longliner
c) Seiner
d) Banca - A vessel that helps scientists collect data about fish and the environment is called:
a) Factory Ship
b) Research Vessel
c) Trawler
d) Seiner
5–6: True or False
- Trawlers are small vessels used only in rivers and lakes.
- Seiners use nets that act like a purse, encircling schools of fish.
7–8: Short Answer
- Why are factory ships important in industrial fisheries?
- What is the main advantage of using a banca for coastal communities?
9–10: Matching Type
Match the vessel to its correct purpose.
- a. Gillnetter
- b. Trawler
- c. Seiner
- Encircles schools of fish in open waters
- Drags large nets along the seafloor or midwater
Answer Key
1. b) Banca
2. c) Factory Ship
3. b) Longliner
4. b) Research Vessel
5. False - Trawlers are large vessels used in deep waters
6. True
7. They can process and store fish onboard, keeping products fresh and ready for trade.
8. They are affordable, easy to repair, and suitable for nearshore waters.
9. c) Seiner
10. b) Trawler
🚀 Go Further (Day 3: Fishing Vessels Used in Fisheries)
Activity 1: Vessel Spotting 🛶
Observe your local community (coastal, river, or lake). List at least two fishing vessels you see.
- Write their names, describe what they look like, and explain their possible use.
Example
- Motorized banca - small wooden boat with outriggers, used for nearshore fishing.
- Gillnetter - medium boat with nets, used to trap fish near the coast.
Activity 2: Draw & Label 🎨
Draw at least three fishing vessels discussed in class. Label their names and one key feature.
- Example: Seiner (large net), Trawler (dragging net), Longliner (hooks and lines).
Example
Drawing of a Seiner with a large encircling net labeled "Encircles schools of fish."
Activity 3: Debate/Discussion 💬
Form two groups in class:
- Group A will argue that small fishing vessels (like bancas) are more sustainable and practical.
- Group B will argue that large fishing vessels (like trawlers and factory ships) are more effective for food supply.
After the discussion, write a reflection on which side you agree with and why.
Example
Small vessels are more sustainable and cause less environmental damage, but large vessels provide more food for markets.
🔗 My Reflection (Day 3: Fishing Vessels Used in Fisheries)
Option 1: Checklist (Notebook)
Complete the checklist by ticking ✔️ if you can do the task.
| Task | ✔️ | |------|----| | I can identify different fishing vessels. | | | I can explain the purpose of bancas, trawlers, seiners, and longliners. | | | I can describe why factory ships and research vessels are important. | | | I understand how vessels can affect sustainability and the environment. | | | I can share examples of vessels used in my community. | |
Option 2: 3-2-1 Reflection (Notebook)
- 3 things I learned about fishing vessels today: __________
- 2 questions I still have: __________
- 1 idea on how fishing vessels can be used responsibly: __________
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